Glossary

Wikitionary definitions:

1. Any fungus of the class Agaricomycetes

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1. Any fungus of the phylum Ascomycota, characterized by the production of a sac, or ascus, which contains non-motile spores.

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1. Any form of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes.
2. Any form of reproduction that involves neither meiosis nor fusion of gametes.

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1. Any organism that can synthesize its food from inorganic substances, using heat or light as a source of energy.

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1. Any fungus of the phylum Basidiomycota, that produces sexual spores on a basidium.

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1. A small structure, shaped like a club, found in the Basidiomycota division of fungi, that bears four spores at the tips of small projections.

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1. The increase of the rate of a chemical reaction, induced by a catalyst.

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1. Relating to coenocytes or to coenocysts

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1. A fungal hypha that produces conidia.

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1. A fungal spore produced asexually in a conidiophore.

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1. The contents of a cell except for the nucleus. It includes cytosol, organelles, vesicles, and the cytoskeleton.

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1. Describing a part that falls off, or is shed, at a particular time or stage of development.
2. Of or pertaining to trees which lose their leaves in winter or the dry season.
3. Transitory, ephemeral, not lasting.

Wikitionary definitions:

1. Of a cell, having a pair of each type of chromosome, one of the pair being derived from the ovum and the other from the spermatozoon. Most somatic cells of higher organisms are diploid.
2. Of an organism, having diploid cells.
3. Of a certain symmetry class with 24 congruent irregular quadrilateral faces.

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1. A biomolecule that catalyses a biological chemical reaction: either a globular protein with this function or an RNA molecule with this function.
2. The protein type specifically.
3. Leavened bread, as opposed to azyme.

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1. Any of the single-celled or multicellular organisms of the taxonomic domain Eukaryota, whose cells contain at least one distinct nucleus.

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1. Any enzyme, generated by a cell, that functions outside of that cell.

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1. A reproductive cell (sperm in males or eggs in females), having only half of a complete set of chromosomes.

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1. Having the number of chromosomes that a typical gamete has (in the given organism), namely, half the number that a typical somatic cell has (in the given organism).
2. Having a single set of unpaired chromosomes (which is the number that a typical gamete has in many organisms although not all).

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1. An organism which requires an external supply of energy and nutrients under the form of food containing organic carbon as it cannot synthesize its own.

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1. Changing color as it dries out.

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1. The sporebearing surface of a fungus.

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1. Any of the long, threadlike filaments that form the mycelium of a fungus.

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1. A term applied to a taxon or group of taxa whose relationship with others is unknown or undecided.

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1. Any of many symbiotic organisms, being associations of algae and fungi, often found as white or yellow-to-blue–green patches on rocks, old walls, etc.
2. Something which gradually spreads across something else, causing damage.

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1. A taxonomic phylum within the kingdom Plantae – liverworts, sometimes called a division in Plantae.

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1. A figure of speech whereby something is made to seem smaller or less important than it actually is.
2. Cell division of a diploid cell into four haploid cells, which develop to produce gametes.

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1. The division of a cell nucleus in which the genome is copied and separated into two identical halves. It is normally followed by cell division.

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1. Any interaction between two species that benefits both; typically involves the exchange of substances or services.
2. An economic theory and anarchist school of thought that advocates a society where each person might possess a means of production, either individually or collectively, with trade representing equivalent amounts of labor in the free market.

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1. The vegetative part of any fungus, consisting of a mass of branching, threadlike hyphae, often underground.

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1. A plant root formed in symbiosis with a fungus; the symbiosis between the mycelium of a fungus and the roots of a plant.

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1. The core, central part of something, around which other elements are assembled.
2. An initial part or version that will receive additions.
3. The massive, positively charged central part of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons.
4. A large membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells which contains genetic material.
5. A ganglion, cluster of many neuronal bodies where synapsing occurs.
6. The central part of a syllable, most commonly a vowel.

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1. An egg case of any of the orthopteroid insects (such as cockroaches and mantids).

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1. A specialized structure found inside cells that carries out a specific life process (e.g. ribosomes, vacuoles).

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1. A phenomenon, involving a complex form of mitosis, whereby two cell nuclei merge without any sexual process and the chromosome count is doubled.

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1. An organism that lives on or in another organism of a different species, deriving benefit from living on or in that other organism, while not contributing towards that other organism sufficiently to cover the cost to that other organism.
2. An internal parasite that is an animal or protist.
3. A person who lives on other people's efforts or expense and gives little or nothing back.
4. A sycophant or hanger-on.
5. A climbing plant which is supported by a wall, trellis etc.
6. A retainer or companion of an ancient Celtic warrior, who praised him in song or poetry at gatherings; a bard.
7. A component of a composite aircraft which is carried aloft and air-launched by a larger carrier aircraft or mother ship to support the primary mission of the carrier; a parasite aircraft.
8. An isolated (FSDU) (freestanding display unit )

Wikitionary definitions:

1. Referring to various aspects of asexual reproduction: (An instance of) reproduction by the development of a single gamete (an ovum or ovule) without fertilisation by a gamete of the opposite sex; compare monogenesis, metagenesis, and heterogamy. Asexual reproduction in toto; agamogenesis.
2. (An instance of) reproduction by the development of a single gamete (an ovum or ovule) without fertilisation by a gamete of the opposite sex; compare monogenesis, metagenesis, and heterogamy.
3. Asexual reproduction in toto; agamogenesis.
4. figurative uses of the biological senses
5. Virgin birth, in reference to the Virgin Mary and Jesus Christ.

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1. An agent that can cause disease, especially an infectious microorganism, such as a bacterium, virus, protozoon or fungus.

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1. An organism whose cell (or cells) are characterized by the absence of a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles.
2. In the two-empire system of biological taxonomy, an organism of the kingdom Prokaryotae (now superseded).

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1. An organism that lives off dead or decaying organic material by secreting enzymes into it and then absorbing its nutrients.

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1. A compact mass of hardened mycelium stored with reserve food material that, in some higher fungi such as ergot, becomes detached and remains dormant until a favourable opportunity for growth occurs.

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1. Of, pertaining to, or divided by a septum.

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1. A wall separating two cavities; a partition.
2. Ellipsis of nasal septum: the cartilaginous center wall of the nose separating the two nostrils.
3. Either of the two walls that separate the atria or ventricles of the heart into left and right chambers.
4. A partition that separates the cells of a fruit.
5. A partition that separates the cells of a (septated) fungus.
6. One of the radial calcareous plates of a coral.
7. One of the transverse partitions dividing the shell of a mollusk, or of a rhizopod, into several chambers.
8. One of the transverse partitions dividing the body cavity of an annelid.
9. Ellipsis of septum ring or septum piercing.

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1. A spore produced by a sporangium (in many fungi, such as zygomycetes).

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1. A case, capsule, or container in which spores are produced by an organism.

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1. A mass of cytoplasm containing many nuclei; a multinucleate cell resulting from cell fusions of mononuclear cells (for example, the cells that make up animal Skeletal muscle).

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1. A fertilized egg cell.